Stress?Regulation Design of Mesoporous Carbon Spheres Anodes with Radial Pore Channels Toward Ultrastable Potassium?Ion Batteries

Electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices are expected to play a critical role in achieving the global target of “carbon neutrality” within next two decades. Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs), with advantages low cost and high operating voltage, they could become major component required energy-material ecosystems. Carbon-based materials have shown promising properties as anode for KIBs. However, key limitation carbon anodes lies dramatic mechanical stress originating from large volume fluctuation during (de)potassiation processes, which further results electrode pulverization rapid fading cycling performance. Here, controllable self-assembly strategy synthesize uniform dual-heteroatom doped mesoporous sphere (DMCS) unique radial pore channels is reported. This approach features modified Stöber method combined single-micelle template molecule-level precursor design. The DMCS demonstrate exceptional rate capability ultrahigh stability no obvious degradation over 12 000 cycles at 2 A g?1, one most stable anodes. Furthermore, finite element simulations quantitatively verify stress-buffering effect work provides perspective evolution regulation buffering fluctuations advanced KIBs electrodes.